{"dataset":{"id":"air_quality","title":"air quality","row_count":66,"columns":["iso3","country","metric","value","year","source","source_url","as_of","notes"],"csv":"https://asean.bettergov.ph/data/air_quality/scoreboard.csv","sha256":"82b98021b9d48fe7e296f6c84046fbec2186c92c373e4e8f70a61b4cd7939387","documents":["https://asean.bettergov.ph/data/air_quality/README.md","https://asean.bettergov.ph/data/air_quality/gaps.md","https://asean.bettergov.ph/data/air_quality/provenance.json"],"policy":"Rows preserve CSV strings, including numeric precision. Empty strings mean missing, never zero. Fields and units vary by dataset; inspect columns and linked source/coverage documents. Observation years, source dates and projections must not be treated as interchangeable. Third-party data retains its original terms."},"data":[{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"7.56922294285959","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"0","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"20.2426516194424","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"9.3667","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"99.875044626919","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"BRN","country":"Brunei","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"19.4262068786841","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"1.10207037315065","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"19.4392","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"35.190753617741","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"KHM","country":"Cambodia","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"20.8444642120249","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"95.5671472610627","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"2.86503978188758","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"812.2042","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"84.0174410556914","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"IDN","country":"Indonesia","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"25.9762899979383","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"3.35435098295083","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"26.0627","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"23.8658854421822","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"LAO","country":"Laos","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"15.8650142432827","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"90.537343806725","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"8.32321620146515","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"295.9542","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"81.568943608581","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"MYS","country":"Malaysia","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"35.0665284656219","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"0.575463259318228","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"31.3628","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"55.856200401568","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"MMR","country":"Myanmar","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"22.2053003753671","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"96.3706587650922","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"1.5030109111702","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"174.1143","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"77.864861229431","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"PHL","country":"Philippines","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"15.1427300261359","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"9.75144363129176","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"58.8681","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"94.9959365760033","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"SGP","country":"Singapore","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"23.4870743016258","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"3.96005269352319","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"283.8091","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"80.4357802843331","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"THA","country":"Thailand","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"24.7845479100313","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"4.26605675468195","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"430.8192","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"50.9022632553832","year":"2022","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2022."},{"iso3":"VNM","country":"Vietnam","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"pm25_mean_exposure","value":"11.9874398587491","year":"2023","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 (IHME GBD 2023 air pollution exposure)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Population-weighted mean annual PM2.5 (μg/m³). IHME GBD 2023 via WDI. WHO AQG 2021 annual = 5 μg/m³; prior AQG 2005 = 10. Vintage 2023."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"pm25_pop_above_who_pct","value":"100","year":"2017","source":"World Bank WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS (IHME GBD 2017)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Share of population where annual mean PM2.5 > 10 μg/m³ (WHO AQG 2005 threshold used by WDI — not the 2021 AQG of 5). Series ends 2017 — badge †2017. Do not treat as current WHO-2021 exceedance. Vintage 2017."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"co2_emissions_pc","value":"0.499343870436187","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita). EDGAR Community GHG Database via WDI. Replaces archived EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"co2_emissions_mt","value":"0.6994","year":"2024","source":"World Bank WDI EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 (EDGAR / JRC + IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"CO2 emissions excl. LULUCF (Mt CO2e). Scale companion to per-capita. EDGAR via WDI. Vintage 2024."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"fossil_fuel_elec_pct","value":"99.6285529715762","year":"2021","source":"World Bank WDI EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS (IEA)","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"Electricity production from oil, gas and coal (% of total). Citeable fossil-dependence companion. Aligns with topics/energy_commodities fossil_fuel_elec_pct. Mixed vintages — badge year. Vintage 2021."},{"iso3":"TLS","country":"Timor-Leste","metric":"fossil_fuel_energy_pct","value":"","year":"","source":"World Bank WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (IEA) — series broken","source_url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","as_of":"2026-09-06","notes":"GAP: WDI EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS (fossil fuel energy consumption % of total) returns zeros for 2016–2023 after last plausible non-zero ~2014/2015; do not ship zeros. Use fossil_fuel_elec_pct instead. See gaps.md."}],"pagination":{"total":66,"limit":100,"offset":0,"next_offset":null}}