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People / Demographics & urbanisation

Demographics & urbanisation

Population scale, growth, urban share, fertility, and age dependency. Read the insight →
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Population

Million people

WDI / UN · 2025

SEA-11 · Singapore is regional context, outside the peer five

Shared order: population descending. Fertility has a different observation year from the other panels.

Population: source, year and as_of by country
CountryMillion people
0300
YearSource & notes
Indonesia285.722025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 285721236.

Philippines116.792025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 116786962.

Vietnam101.602025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 101598527.

Thailand71.622025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 71619863.

Myanmar54.852025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 54850648.

Malaysia35.982025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 35977838.

Cambodia17.852025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 17847982.

Laos7.872025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 7873046.

SingaporeRegional context · not a peer6.112025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 6111175.

Timor-Leste1.422025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 1418517.

Brunei0.472025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.TOTL (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Original CSV value: 466330.

Philippines highlighted. Growth bars diverge from zero; other bars start at zero. Gaps have no bars.

Population growth

Thailand is the only SEA-11 economy with negative population growth in this vintage. Its bar extends left of zero.

Annual % change

WDI / UN · 2025

SEA-11 · Singapore is regional context, outside the peer five

Shared order: population descending. Fertility has a different observation year from the other panels.

Population growth: source, year and as_of by country
CountryAnnual % change
-0.20 = no change1.5
YearSource & notes
Indonesia0.782025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 0.784708535785041.

Philippines0.812025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 0.810982768568445.

Vietnam0.602025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 0.603044839155161.

ThailandNegative growth-0.072025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %). Only SEA-11 country with negative growth on this vintage.

Original CSV value: -0.0672045728198196.

Myanmar0.642025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 0.641162929716532.

Malaysia1.172025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 1.17471679693395.

Cambodia1.182025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 1.17893708663597.

Laos1.322025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 1.31981575540414.

SingaporeRegional context · not a peer1.222025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 1.22350531679895.

Timor-Leste1.272025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 1.26841125849065.

Brunei0.782025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.GROW (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Population growth (annual %).

Original CSV value: 0.776925734682091.

Philippines highlighted. Growth bars diverge from zero; other bars start at zero. Gaps have no bars.

Urban population

% of total population

WDI / UN · 2025

SEA-11 · Singapore is regional context, outside the peer five

Shared order: population descending. Fertility has a different observation year from the other panels.

Urban population: source, year and as_of by country
Country% of total population
0100
YearSource & notes
Indonesia59.42025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 59.3929063969984.

Philippines55.82025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 55.7732907605332.

Vietnam38.82025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 38.8299160351294.

Thailand62.82025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 62.7993377136296.

Myanmar30.62025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 30.5836915476767.

Malaysia77.42025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 77.3948812296229.

Cambodia41.12025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 41.10561939401.

Laos40.32025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 40.3129835040701.

Singapore100% by definition · city-stateRegional context · not a peer100.02025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state). City-state — urban share defined as 100%.

Original CSV value: 100.0.

Timor-Leste28.82025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 28.7864318960935.

Brunei75.02025
World Bank WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS (UN Population Division) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Urban population (% of total population). Singapore is 100% by definition (city-state).

Original CSV value: 75.0109886586819.

Philippines highlighted. Growth bars diverge from zero; other bars start at zero. Gaps have no bars.

Total fertility rate

Philippine fertility is below the approximate replacement benchmark described in the pack. This panel uses its own observation year.

Births per woman

WDI / UN · 2024

SEA-11 · Singapore is regional context, outside the peer five

Shared order: population descending. Fertility has a different observation year from the other panels.

Total fertility rate: source, year and as_of by country
CountryBirths per woman
03
YearSource & notes
Indonesia2.122024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 2.115.

Philippines1.892024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 1.894.

Vietnam1.902024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 1.895.

Thailand1.202024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 1.204.

Myanmar2.102024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 2.098.

Malaysia1.542024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 1.543.

Cambodia2.552024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 2.548.

Laos2.402024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 2.397.

SingaporeRegional context · not a peer0.972024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull. Lowest fertility in SEA-11 on this series.

Original CSV value: 0.97.

Timor-Leste2.632024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 2.627.

Brunei1.732024
World Bank WDI SP.DYN.TFRT.IN (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2024 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

Original CSV value: 1.731.

Philippines highlighted. Growth bars diverge from zero; other bars start at zero. Gaps have no bars.

Age dependency ratio

Dependants per 100 people aged 15–64

WDI / UN · 2025

SEA-11 · Singapore is regional context, outside the peer five

Shared order: population descending. Fertility has a different observation year from the other panels.

Age dependency ratio: source, year and as_of by country
CountryDependants per 100 people aged 15–64
0100
YearSource & notes
Indonesia46.62025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 46.6061121871889.

Philippines48.92025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 48.9488685879186.

Vietnam47.82025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 47.8208691230641.

Thailand43.72025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 43.7434423954487.

Myanmar46.22025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 46.2006615921466.

Malaysia41.52025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 41.5274856756766.

Cambodia55.92025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 55.9439537843445.

Laos53.02025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 53.0168515795744.

SingaporeRegional context · not a peer35.02025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 34.9531221844161.

Timor-Leste62.22025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth). Highest total dependency in SEA-11 (youth-driven).

Original CSV value: 62.1911145260212.

Brunei38.62025
World Bank WDI SP.POP.DPND (UN Population Division / WPP) · year 2025 · as_of 2026-09-06
Observation notes

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Preferred age-structure metric; median age deferred (UN dataportal auth).

Original CSV value: 38.6277832278011.

Philippines highlighted. Growth bars diverge from zero; other bars start at zero. Gaps have no bars.

Median age

GAP · All SEA-11 median-age observations are empty. No median ages are estimated or plotted.

Dependency ratios provide age-structure context; they are not median ages and cannot be converted into them.

UN DESA World Population Prospects (dataportal MedianAgePop) — deferred · year unavailable · as_of 2026-09-06
Median-age coverage notes →

Key findings from this pack

  • PH is the region’s second-largest population in the supplied series.
  • Thailand is the only country with negative population growth in this vintage.
  • PH fertility is below approximate replacement; that does not imply immediate population decline.
  • Dependency describes age structure; no median ages are seeded.

Methods & vintages

Keep observation years separate

Population, annual growth, urban share and dependency use WDI’s 2025 observations. Fertility uses 2024. The population, fertility and age-structure series draw on UN World Population Prospects; urban share follows the UN Population Division source identified in the CSV. National census one-offs are not mixed into these bars. Every row retains source, year and as_of.

Growth and urbanisation

Thailand’s negative growth is retained exactly from the pack and plotted left of zero. Population labels divide persons by one million and display two decimals. Urban share follows source definitions; Singapore’s complete urban classification is definitional for a city-state, not a data error.

Fertility and dependency

Total fertility is births per woman; the pack identifies Philippine fertility as below approximate replacement. This does not establish immediate population decline. Total dependency counts people aged 0–14 and 65+ relative to people aged 15–64; it is an age ratio, not a measure of actual employment or financial dependence. Young and old dependency observations are separately available in the complete CSV.

Median age and precision

Median age is not seeded in this pack. Dependency remains a separate age-structure measure; it is never used to invent a median age. Population, growth and fertility labels use two decimals; urban share and total dependency use one. Bars use original numeric precision and all scales retain their regional range when peer mode is selected.

Original gaps & vintage notes · Pack definitions

Use this research

Cite this page

ASEAN in Data (2026). Demographics & urbanisation in Southeast Asia. /topics/demographics-urbanization

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