Timor-Leste

Smallest economy; 4.1% growth; Petroleum Fund context in other packs. WEO Apr 2026 projection.

Smallest economy; 4.1% growth; Petroleum Fund context in other packs. WEO Apr 2026 projection.

Smallest economy; 4.1% growth; Petroleum Fund context in other packs. WEO Apr 2026 projection.

Smallest economy; 4.1% growth; Petroleum Fund context in other packs. WEO Apr 2026 projection.

Petroleum Fund fiscal structure — interest burden not comparable to ASEAN-10 norms.

WEO Apr 2026 PCPIPCH — 2026 projection (headline CPI % change); complements scale_growth

USD dollarised; no domestic policy rate — rate cell empty

USD dollarised; no domestic policy rate — rate cell empty

Current account balance (% of GDP). BoP concept — do not conflate with fiscal balance. Large CA deficit common for small oil-fund / import-dependent economy — interpret with petroleum fund / fiscal context, not as sudden crisis alone.

Total reserves in months of imports. Entrepôt / re-export economies (esp. Singapore) can look thin on this ratio despite large absolute reserves.

External debt stocks (% of GNI). IDS developing-economy series — not available for high-income / non-IDS reporters (BRN/MYS/SGP). Not public debt % GDP (fiscal pack). IDS coverage — developing reporters only.

Elevated vs ASEAN-10 peers; Petroleum Fund fiscal structure — interpret with revenue excl grants.

Petroleum Fund / resource transfers dominate — not comparable to ASEAN-10 budget norms (~51% of GDP).

IMF general government revenue % GDP — NOT the same series as WDI tax revenue or WDI revenue excl grants. Use for BRN/IDN/VNM revenue context; do not mix into WDI tax ranking. Petroleum Fund structure inflates revenue/GDP.

GAP: Timor-Leste not in ASEANstats ASEAN-10 FDI tables / AIR AMS chart. Use UNCTAD WIR separately if needed (prior pack TLS 0.247 ASH/WIR).

Display billion from svc_exports_usd; do not re-average

Display billion from ict_exports_usd; do not re-average

WDI BX.GSR.CCIS.ZS latest non-null; raw=4.4259884152896

Modeled ILO estimate via WDI. Cross-country comparable; may diverge from national LFS.

Lowest cereal yield among seeded countries.

Stale relative to peers (2021 vs 2023); highest food insecurity in SEA-11 on this series.

Highest undernourishment among seeded SEA-11 (18.7%).

Latest WDI year 2024 (others 2025). Aligned with growth_engines.

Heritage Index of Economic Freedom overall score (0–100). Edition 2026. World rank 157; Asia-Pacific region rank 35; score change +0.0. PDF: https://static.heritage.org/index/pdf/2026/2026_indexofeconomicfreedom.pdf

Investment Freedom component (0–100). World rank 157; Asia-Pacific region rank 35; score change +0.0. PDF: https://static.heritage.org/index/pdf/2026/2026_indexofeconomicfreedom.pdf

Timor-Leste is not covered by the OECD FDI RRI economy list. Missing source observation, not zero.

Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP). Prefer for credit-depth charts.

Commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults (IMF FAS via WDI).

No non-null NPL observation in the documented 2010–2025 pull. Missing source row; not a zero.

Access to electricity (% of population). SDG 7.1.1 / ESMAP via WDI.

GAP: no WDI observation (TLS).

Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total).

GAP: not among USGS itemised nickel mine producers (SEA concentration is IDN+PHL).

Container port traffic (TEU: 20 foot equivalent units). Transshipment counted as two lifts — hub volumes look large vs domestic economy size. Stale vintage (2019).

Individuals using the Internet (% of population). Latest WDI observation 2021.

Median mobile download (Mbps). Consistent SEA-11 vintage from WB IEP chart citing Ookla Speedtest Global Index Sep 2025.

GAP: Brunei and Timor-Leste not in Global Findex / Little Data Book 2025 country tables; no FX.OWN.TOTL.ZS observations.

Cross-check baseline for source→recipient pack. SGP ~63% of ASEAN total — financial hub distortion.

Proportion of population covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage). ILO construct — do not mix with ASPIRE household-survey coverage on the same axis. Sex=BOTHSEX. Source tag: ILO - Social Security Inquiry Database.

Proportion of persons above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension. Includes contributory and non-contributory where reported by ILO. Sex=BOTHSEX. Source tag: ILO - Social Security Inquiry Database.

Coverage of social protection and labor programs (% of population; direct+indirect beneficiaries). Household-survey ASPIRE — mixed/stale vintages; badge year. BRN/SGP typically not in ASPIRE. STALE vintage — badge year on chart.

Average monthly earnings in PPP international dollars (ILO conversion). Prefer for cross-country earnings comparison vs market-USD. ILO note: USD: United States dollar Survey/source: LFS - Labour Force Survey

Statutory monthly minimum wage (ILO labour legislation). Definitions differ: national vs regional lowest vs mean of regions — badge year and read notes. Not a living-wage measure. ILO note: Type of minimum wage: Singular national minimum wage | USD: United States dollar Survey/source: ADM - Labour legislation

GDP price level index relative to the United States (=100). Higher = more expensive basket vs US. Living-cost / price-level panel — never mash with wage ranks.

Female LFPR (% of female population ages 15+). Modeled ILO estimate via WDI. API-verified 2026-09-06.

Gender LFPR gap in percentage points (male minus female). Positive = male participation higher. Derived from same-year WDI modeled ILO.

GGGI score 0–1 (higher=more parity). Global rank 86. Cross-checked vs published 2025 rankings table.

Country-specific national line

consumption · TLSLS

Welfare basis: see source notes

Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Vintage 2024.

Under-5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births). UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation via WDI. Vintage 2024.

Index 0–100 (geometric mean of tracer service-coverage indicators). WHO GHO original; OWID distribution. Vintage 2023 for all SEA-11. WDI SH.UHC.SRVS.CV.XD archived — not used.

HDR footnote x on both schooling series; adults aged 25+

GAP: did not participate / no published PISA 2022 results (LAO, MMR, TLS out of PISA 2022).

HCI scale 0–1. Latest published HCI vintage is 2020 (World Bank HCI update).

Labour force participation rate, total (% of population ages 15+). Modeled ILO estimate via WDI. Value verified vs API 2026-09-06 and aligned with people_risk/indicators.csv.

Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%). Modeled ILO estimate via WDI. New to labour_youth pack (not previously in people_risk).

Unemployment, youth total (% of labour force ages 15-24). Modeled ILO estimate via WDI. Aligned with people_risk/indicators.csv.

Total population. WDI demographic series based on UN World Population Prospects.

Population growth (annual %).

Total fertility rate (births per woman). Latest WDI vintage 2024 as of API pull.

EGDI composite 0–1 (higher=better); group=MEGDI; rating=M3; egdi_rank_2022=147; epi_rank_2022=81; rank_improve_places=-12

EGDI global rank (1=best of 193); group=MEGDI; rating=M3; egdi_rank_2022=147; epi_rank_2022=81; rank_improve_places=-12

E-Participation Index 0–1; group=MEGDI; rating=M3; egdi_rank_2022=147; epi_rank_2022=81; rank_improve_places=-12

EPI global rank (1=best of 193); group=MEGDI; rating=M3; egdi_rank_2022=147; epi_rank_2022=81; rank_improve_places=-12

Score 0-100. Republished by Nations Inquiry from publisher xlsx; direct xlsx captcha-blocked 2026-10-04. Methodology revised vs 2024; do not difference.

Global rank out of 195. Same file as the score. Not comparable to 2024 rank.

0-1 index as of 2023. DataMapper pull 2026-10-04. Vintage older than 2025. Rounded half-up to 3 d.p.

DataMapper series DI. Sums with HCLMP+IEI+RE to AI_PI. Not a 0-1 pillar score and not compute.

GAP: not in Tortoise Global AI Index 5th edition (83 countries: IDN, MYS, PHL, SGP, THA, VNM only among SEA-11).

GAP: not in Tortoise Global AI Index 5th edition (83 countries: IDN, MYS, PHL, SGP, THA, VNM only among SEA-11).

GAP: not in Tortoise Global AI Index 5th edition (83 countries: IDN, MYS, PHL, SGP, THA, VNM only among SEA-11).

A extensive, B significant, C medium, D low. NOT an AI index.

WGI estimate · higher = stronger

WGI estimate · higher = stronger

WGI estimate · higher = stronger

Score · higher = freer

Sum of Total Affected across Natural disaster subtype-year rows, 2015–2024. Events=4; subtype-rows with blank affected=0/4. Years with ≥1 Natural event: 2015,2016,2020,2021. Damage reporting incomplete in EM-DAT — see damage metric notes.

INFORM dimension 0–10 (higher=worse); Natural sub=3.3; risk class=Medium. Overall INFORM total lives in governance_risk pack — not duplicated as sole column here.

Higher=better adaptation position; global rank 159/190 by 2024 score; zip resources-2026-26-05-12h02.zip

Medium